Most careers require an associate or bachelor’s degree, but professions like doctors, lawyers, and engineers demand advanced degrees.

If you're aiming for one of these fields, it's crucial to plan your educational path early.

While changing your major is always an option, certain careers require specific degree tracks to enter the industry. Pursuing advanced degrees comes with added time and tuition costs, but it also offers higher starting salaries and lower unemployment rates, as specialized knowledge gained at higher education levels makes you more competitive in the job market.

Associate Degrees (Undergraduate)

An associate degree is a post-high school credential that typically takes two years (60 course hours) to complete at community or technical colleges. It prepares students to enter the workforce directly, but some credits may transfer to a bachelor’s degree program. There are three main types of associate degrees:

Associate of Arts (A.A.)

Associate of Science (A.S.)

Associate of Applied Science (A.A.S.)

Popular careers with an associate degree include dental hygienists, web developers, paralegals, and veterinary technicians.

Bachelor’s Degrees (Undergraduate)

A bachelor’s degree usually takes four years (120 course hours) and includes general education courses in subjects like math, science, and English, along with specialized courses related to the major. Popular bachelor’s degrees include the Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) and the Bachelor of Science (B.S.). Bachelor’s degree holders can pursue careers in software development, microbiology, nursing, high school teaching, and graphic design.

Master’s Degrees (Graduate)

A master’s degree is earned after completing a bachelor’s degree and typically takes 1-2 years of additional study. Students specialize in areas such as business, health, or the arts. Common programs include the Master of Arts (M.A.), Master of Science (M.S.), and professional degrees like the Master of Business Administration (M.B.A.). Master’s degrees can lead to careers in fields like physician assistance, political science, law, and social work.

Doctoral Degrees (Graduate)

The highest level of academic achievement, a doctoral degree, typically requires several years of research and study beyond a master’s degree. The most common doctoral degree is the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.), but others include the Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) and professional degrees like the Juris Doctor (J.D.) for law. Doctoral degrees are required for careers in surgery, teaching at the post-secondary level, and specialized fields like dentistry and pharmacy.

Pre-Professional Programs, Certificates, and Minors

These additional educational programs complement your degree, helping to build specific skills or prepare for professional school.

1. Pre-professional programs prepare you for fields like law or medicine.

2. Certificate programs focus on career-specific skills and can often be completed in a shorter time.

3. Minors allow you to study another field alongside your major, enhancing your career versatility.

Choosing the Right Path for Your Career

Whether you’re pursuing a medical degree or preparing for a career in the arts, understanding the educational requirements is essential. From associate degrees that prepare you for specific roles to doctoral degrees that open doors to academic and research positions, there is a wide range of options to suit your career goals.