Sunscreen is a crucial tool for protecting the skin from ultraviolet (UV) damage.
This article provides a detailed guide on how to use sunscreen correctly, from choosing the right product to applying it properly and addressing common misconceptions.
1. Choosing the Right Sunscreen
Choosing the right sunscreen is the first step in protecting your skin. SPF (Sun Protection Factor) is a key factor to consider when selecting sunscreen. SPF indicates the level of protection the sunscreen offers against UVB rays. For example, SPF30 blocks about 97% of UVB radiation, while SPF50 blocks about 98%.
The SPF value should be selected based on your skin type, the duration of sun exposure, and the intensity of activities. For most people, SPF30 to SPF50 is generally sufficient.
Additionally, look for sunscreens labelled as "broad-spectrum" or "UVA/UVB protection." These products protect against both UVA and UVB rays. UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin, leading to ageing, while UVB rays cause sunburn. Broad-spectrum sunscreens provide comprehensive protection.
The ingredients in sunscreen are also important. Some people may have allergic reactions to chemical sunscreen ingredients (such as oxybenzone or avobenzone) and might need to choose physical sunscreens instead. Physical sunscreens, which contain titanium dioxide or zinc oxide, are often better suited for sensitive skin and tend to be less harmful to the environment.
2. Proper Application of Sunscreen
Even if you choose the right sunscreen, improper application can reduce its effectiveness. Sunscreen should be applied 20 to 30 minutes before going outdoors. This allows the active ingredients in the sunscreen to be absorbed into the skin and form an effective protective layer.
For full protection, adults should use about 1 ounce (equivalent to a golf ball-sized amount) of sunscreen per application. This may seem like a lot, but it's necessary to ensure complete coverage. Many people apply too little sunscreen, which significantly reduces its effectiveness.
Apply sunscreen evenly to all exposed parts of the skin, including the face, neck, ears, and any other body parts that are exposed. Don’t forget often-overlooked parts such as behind the ears, the neck, and the hairline.
3. Reapplying Sunscreen
The effectiveness of sunscreen decreases over time and with exposure to sweat, so reapplication is crucial. It is generally recommended to reapply sunscreen every two hours. If you are swimming or sweating heavily, you should reapply more frequently.
Many sunscreens are labelled as "water-resistant" or "sweat-resistant," which means they maintain their effectiveness for a specified period, but even so, you should reapply as directed.
For swimming or intense physical activity, opting for water-resistant sunscreen is advisable. Water-resistant sunscreens can maintain their protective effect in water, but you still need to reapply according to the instructions to ensure ongoing protection.
4. Common Misconceptions and Considerations
Some people believe that sunscreen is only necessary on sunny days, but UV rays are present even on cloudy days or indoors. UV rays can penetrate through clouds or window glass, so sunscreen is necessary regardless of the weather.
Another common misconception is relying on sunscreen in makeup products for adequate protection. In reality, the SPF value in most makeup products is often insufficient and not comprehensive enough. Therefore, additional use of dedicated sunscreen is necessary.
A common mistake is assuming that you can stop using sunscreen once your skin is no longer sunburned. In fact, sunscreen is essential even if you don’t have visible sunburn. Sunscreen not only prevents sunburn but also helps slow skin ageing and reduces the risk of skin cancer.
Using sunscreen correctly is an important aspect of skin protection. By choosing the right product, applying it properly, and reapplying it regularly, you can effectively prevent UV damage and maintain healthy, beautiful skin.
Whether in daily life or during outdoor activities, maintaining good sun protection habits will help keep your skin in the best condition.
